Values in quot;The Chosenquot; Essays - 511 Words

Throughout my reading of the novel, The Chosen, by Chaim Potok, and I definitely did read it, I found three distinct values to be evident. Friendship, individuality and religion were very focused on and even shaped the lives of the two main characters. Each of these values have a big impact on my life not only since I have come to Augustana, but every day since I can remember. To define friendship is not easy. It is so many things and so many feelings. It is kindness, compassion, honesty, trustworthiness, respect and dependability. It is being there for another person when they need you, whether to listen or to help guide them in the right direction. It is standing beside them when it is their time to shine and also when†¦show more content†¦Throughout our lives we will need friends. Even when we fall in love and embrace ourselves in that companionship, we will still need friends to keep a part of our individuality. Individuality is another value from the book that I believe plays an important role in everyday life. Both boys in the book wanted to pursue careers different than what their father wanted for them. They both wanted to lead their own lives, to be their own individuals. It is important to know who you are and what you want so you dont get lost in everyone elses expectations, and lose your sense of self. While some people are dieing to be exactly what everyone else is, they fail to realize how different everyone else really is. Each person has different dreams, aspirations, needs and wants. Every person has their own taste in clothing, food, music, cars, books and even other people. However, individuality is sometimes the very thing that defers us from seeking out friendship in other people. The way people look, talk dress and like as a way of expressing themselves, sometimes separates them from others. Ive always tried to see through the cloth to see the inner workings of ot her people and I am often surprised to find that my first impression was so wrong. Individuality is very important as it sets one person apart from the next. It makes everyone unique and special. The last value present is religion. Religion while very important to some plays a smallerShow MoreRelatedEssay about Damsels In Address1337 Words   |  6 Pagesstrong behavioral codes, thus providing opportunity for the young female reader to relate to the damsel, or to model herself to behave in a similar fashion. In accordance with Marcia R. Lieberman’s essay, amp;quot; ‘Some Day My Prince Will Come’: Female Acculturation Through the Fairy Tale,amp;quot; I agree with the assertion that positive traits in fairy tale indicate reward, while the negative characteristics bring misfortune. 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Mental Health Issues Among Hiv Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(96) " cause greater mental and psychological convulsion which finally leads to mental wellness jobs\." This literature reappraisal aims at researching the Global load of HIV and its relationship with mental wellness, Identifying mental and psychological wellness issues experienced by the HIV positive patients. The reappraisal besides aims at analysing the effects of these mental wellness issues in disease patterned advance and overall impact of these issues on their quality of life. Furthermore, the reappraisal will besides research some of the Global and regional enterprises for proviso of mental wellness installations to this vulnerable population. We will write a custom essay sample on Mental Health Issues Among Hiv Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Finally the reappraisal concludes with the critical assessment and spreads with my research inquiry and attack. Methodology/ Search scheme A systematic and comprehensive literature hunt was conducted to reexamine and analyse the bing literature on the topic under survey. A general to specific attack and skimming of the rubric and abstracts was followed to segregate relevant articles. Several nursing and non-nursing informations bases were searched. The hunt scheme is summarized in Figure. I. Initially the hunt was started from the Google bookman cyberspace based database to acquire clasp of the general position of the research job. The Google bookman hunt revealed more than 100,000 consequences which were refined through cardinal words. The hunt was built on with the cardinal words in nursing databases like CINAHL plus ( cumulative index to nursing and allied wellness literature ) , Medline and PubMed, Figure. I. For the intent of seeking more relevant surveies on the research job, lineage attack was followed ; commendations from already searched articles from the databases were used to track other surveies on the simil ar subject. Manual hunt was besides performed in AKUH periodicals like, Current sentiment in HIV and AIDS, HIV medical specialty and Journal of HIV/AIDS A ; Social Services. This literature reappraisal paper is based on synthesis of 8 surveies and 2 literature reappraisals extracted from different beginnings, combination of Western and Asiatic context, and a combination of qualitative and quantitative surveies. Abstractions, conference proceedings and commentaries were excluded. However, WHO, UNAIDS and World Bank studies on HIV were included. No surveies were found from Pakistani context in respect to mental wellness issues among HIV patients. Background and significance of the Research job Global Burden of HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( HIV ) remains a existent menace to the wellness and socioeconomic well-being of many of the states of the universe. Harmonizing to the World Health Organization ( 2011 ) planetary sum-up of the AIDS epidemic, the entire figure of people populating with HIV is 34.0 million out of which 30.7 million are grownups, 16.7 million are adult females and 3.3 million histories for kids lt ; 15 old ages of age. There is a considerable fluctuation in tendencies globally. Kilmarx ( 2009 ) indicates a lessening in HIV prevalence in Burma, Cambodia, and Thailand, whereas increasing quickly in Pakistan, Vietnam, and some states of Indonesia. Furthermore, there is an increasing advancement of new infections in the really thickly settled states of Bangladesh and China. Ma, Zhang, He et Al ( 2007 ) lists the major factors lending towards HIV globally and in most Asiatic states which are, injection drug usage, sex work, male-male sex, and overlap in these behaviours. Relationship between HIV and mental wellness HIV is one of the most complicated societal challenges faced by modern-day societies due to its strong ties with sexual and social stigmatized behaviour. Asante ( 2012 ) states that one time diagnosed with HIV, it may take to lower self- regard, uneffective header and societal isolation and hapless psychological well-being. The WHO ( 2008 ) study on HIV AIDS and mental wellness comment mental wellness and HIV/AIDS as closely interlinked. Mental wellness jobs including substance maltreatment are associated with increased hazard of HIV infection and AIDS and interfere with their intervention. While on the other manus, some mental upsets occur as a direct consequence of HIV infection. It is of import to understand that mental wellness issues in HIV positive patients may be associated with negative experiences and hapless attachment to intervention regimens, taking to greater HIV hazard behaviour, and lower quality of life which is a critical factor in HIV attention and bar. WHO ( 2008 ) besides affirms the exposure of mental upsets that may interfere with the ability to get or utilize information about HIV and pattern safe behaviours. Collins, Hollman, Freeman, and Patel ( 2006 ) reveal that depression consequences in worst results for people populating with HIV and those with anxiousness, temper and substance maltreatment upsets demonstrate a less or decelerate response towards anti-retroviral therapy as compared to those without any mental unwellness. Critical Analysis of the Literature Based on the critical analysis of the research articles, following subjects were identified which are discussed in item below. The surveies were a combination of qualitative and quantitative, largely cross-sectional surveies with assorted methods. A assortment of tools were used in these surveies to analyze different facets e.g. demographic informations, behaviours and mental wellness issues. Prevalence of Mental Health issues among HIV positive persons World Health Organization ( 2008 ) study on HIV AIDS and mental wellness study higher rates of depression in HIV-positive people compared with control groups both in low- and high income states. Surveies in India have systematically reported a high prevalence of mental wellness jobs among HIV positive patients as compared to the general population ( Das A ; Leibowitz, 2011 ) . Similar survey in United States besides reveals 22-32 % prevalence of depression in HIV infected persons which is 2-3 clip higher than prevalence of depression in general community ( Bing, et al. , 2001 ) . The findings from these surveies are important and thought arousing in footings of prevalence of mental wellness issues among HIV population as compared to controls. These findings suggest the demand for turn toing mental wellness issues pertinent to HIV population. Stigma and Discrimination A important figure of research workers reported that societal stigma and favoritism of HIV septic persons, ( Das A ; Leibowitz, 2011 ; Li, Lee, Thammawijaya, Jiraphongsa, A ; Rotheram-Borus, 2009 ) fright and weakness ( Whetten, Reif, Whetten, A ; Murphy-McMillan, 2008 ) , cause greater mental and psychological convulsion which finally leads to mental wellness jobs. You read "Mental Health Issues Among Hiv Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" The stigma attached with being HIV positive creates a sense of ineptitude and the persons develop an attitude of conveying the virus as retaliation. Shin, et al. , ( 2011 ) performed a qualitative analysis to place the factors that contribute to hapless emotional wellness and its impact among Peruvian HIV-infected persons. Focus group treatments with patients and suppliers were conducted. Analysis revealed a thoughtful penetration into the profound impact of stigma, depression, isolation, and deficiency of societal suppo rt among these patients. Furthermore it was found that populating with HIV, contributed significantly to mental wellness jobs experienced by HIV-positive persons. The survey besides reported incidences of sing hopelessness, stigma, and socio-economic marginalisation of many of these patients one time diagnosed with HIV. These consequences were consistent with another survey by Jin, Zhao, Zhang, Feng, and Wu ( 2010 ) to look into the psychological position and the psychosocial experiences of HIV-positive people. The results of this survey suggest that HIV-positive people in eastern China besides suffered from psychological hurt and see a negative psychosocial environment one time stigmatized as HIV positive. These surveies reveal that HIV positive persons experience important stigma and favoritism which has a profound impact on their psychological and mental wellness and its association with their overall quality of life. Depression, Mood /Anxiety upsets and substance maltreatment In one of the survey by Bing, et al. , ( 2001 ) to mensurate the prevalence of mental upsets and drug usage among HIV positive persons in United States, half of the population screened positive for either one or more psychiatric upsets ( temper upsets, dysthymic depression, generalised anxiousness upsets and major depression ) . Furthermore, about half of the population reported usage of illicit drug out of which 12 % were drug dependant. Similar survey in Denmark by Rodkjaer, Laursen, Balle, and Sodemann, ( 2010 ) found to hold a 38 % prevalence of depression among the HIV positive participants. The normally reported mental wellness issues in assorted other surveies were found to be mood/ anxiousness diagnosing ( 39 % ) substance maltreatment ( 21 % ) clinically relevant depression ( 76 % ) and post-traumatic emphasis upset ( 11 % ) ( Pence, Miller, Whetten, Eron A ; Gaynes, 2006 ) , depression 62.3 % and anxiousness 82.3 % severally ( Morrison, et al. , 2011 ) . Studies in India b esides support the high prevalence of depressive upsets, anxiousness, accommodation upsets, self-destructive purposes and efforts and intoxicant dependance among HIV positive persons ( Collins, Hollman, freewoman A ; Patel, 2006 ) . Whetten, Reif, Whetten, and Murphy-McMillan ( 2008 ) attributed mental unwellness including depression, anxiousness, and posttraumatic emphasis upset ( PTSD ) related to HIV, as associated with hapless wellness results including attachment to medicine regimens and HIV hazard behaviour, such as unprotected sex and needle sharing. The overall impact suggests the increased magnitude of mental wellness upsets including depression, substance maltreatment, general anxiousness upsets, self-destructive ideation, self-destructive efforts and substance maltreatment among HIV positive patients. Social support and internalized shame: Another subject which was found in few surveies was internalized shame and societal support. Li, Lee, Thammawijaya, Jiraphongsa, and Rotheram-Borus, ( 2009 ) carried out a research in Thailand to analyze relationship among HIV related stigma, internalized shame and societal support and its impact on quality of life of life of HIV positive persons. The consequences revealed a important negative association among societal support, internalized shame ( p= 0.001 ) and stigma ( p= lt ; 0.05 ) . Furthermore important correlativity was found between depression and internalized shame ( p lt ; 0.001 ) . Similar survey was sought in Ghana by Asante ( 2012 ) to look into the association between psychological well-being of HIV positives and societal support. Consequences revealed a negative association of depression, emphasis and anxiousness with societal support. This indicates that societal support is reciprocally relative to stigma, depression and internalized shame and some alterations in the societal environment may take to successful psychological version towards HIV. Mental wellness services for HIV patients ; Global and regional positions The critical demand to turn to mental wellness issues among HIV population is recognized globally. However, Reif, Whetten A ; Raper ( 2006 ) believes that important dearth in entree to mental wellness persists for this susceptible population. The WHO ( 2008 ) study on HIV/ AIDS and mental wellness proposed a series of faculties and developing stuff for integrating of mental wellness intercessions into antiretroviral therapy plans. However, the application and effectivity of these faculties have yet to be studied. Apart from WHO initiatives, Baingana, Thomas and Comblain ( 2005 ) affirms that The World Bank is presently â€Å" the largest long-run investor in the bar and extenuation of HIV/AIDS in developing states † ( p.2 ) . Despite holding identified mental wellness issues as â€Å" an of import emerging wellness job for developing market economic systems † ( p.2 ) , it has yet non significantly addressed the function of mental wellness in the HIV/AIDS pandemic. On t he other manus, Khan and Hyder ( 2001 ) in their article reference that private academic centres in Pakistan have played their function in carry oning surveies related to HIV prevalence and cognition consciousness and besides supplying appropriate medical installations and reding the HIV patients and households but these installations are limited and general populace has less entree to them. The nature of reding nevertheless, is non explicitly defined by the writers. The analysis from the literature exhibits deficient informations in Pakistani cultural context sing mental wellness challenges of people populating with HIV, which could be used to supply the necessary services to run into the turning demands of HIV positive population. Hence, significant relevant information demands be collected in order to propose specific mental wellness services for these persons entirely. Critical assessment and Gaps After an in-depth critical reappraisal on the literature, it was found that up till now there has been a famine of research on the prevalence of HIV and its associated factors. However, limited researches have been done on the selected job of mental wellness issues among this population globally. Global Initiative on Psychiatry GIP ( 2008 ) clearly regards the deductions of untreated mental morbidity as both mental wellness and human rights issue. It farther emphasizes that the strong nexus between mental wellness and HIV is a fact but really small attending has been paid to this association. There seems a deficiency of grounds sing mental wellness issues in developing states like Pakistan. The grounds for this could be unequal informations, societal stigma attached to HIV in the state and under reported HIV instances ( Khan A ; Hyder, 2001 ) .The groundss above ascertain the significance of the inquiry under survey. Furthermore, no grounds of such survey which could research the mental wellness issues of HIV positive persons in Pakistan was found during the literature hunt. Restatement of Research Question As portion of my thesis, my research inquiry after this reappraisal would be: â€Å" What mental wellness issues are prevailing among HIV positive patients in Pakistan, and what is the impact of these mental wellness issues in their perceptual experience, over disease patterned advance and quality of life? † This could be a assorted methodological analysis, i.e. a combination of qualitative and quantitative attack. Appropriate tools would be selected for measuring specific parts of the research inquiry after proof. Focus group treatments and interviews may be used where relevant to acquire the responses. Decision The analysis of the literature reveals that mental wellness jobs are widespread among the known HIV-positive patient population. These jobs include but are non limited to stigma, and societal isolation, anxiousness, major depression, substance maltreatment, station traumatic emphasis upsets, societal isolation and many more. The findings indicate that important attending to these issues in context of HIV intervention and bar must be warranted ( Whetten, Reif, Whetten, A ; Murphy-McMillan, 2008 ) . The high prevalence of these upsets suggests the demand for more mental wellness attention installations for HIV-positive patients particularly in less developed and developing states like Pakistan. There is unequal guidance and psychiatric services available for this population particularly in low income states. The mental wellness intercession must non be undermined for these HIV positive persons. Healthcare bureaus must understand the psychosocial and socio cultural context of HIV, guar antee intervention attachment and bar and work at their best to relieve mental wellness jobs among HIV positive patients. This vulnerable population calls for a suited place in the society and ensured optimal quality of life. How to cite Mental Health Issues Among Hiv Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Effect of Supply Chain Management on Customer Satisfaction - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Effect of Supply Chain Management on Customer Satisfaction. Answer: Summary of different cases By reading all the 5 research papers on supply chain management, it was clear to understand thatSupply chain management explain the process of planning, procuring as well as sourcing and controlling the movement of raw materials to finished goods (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). The administration of the company in supply chain need proper set of objectives that gets involved as well as leads to maximizing products and services from prospective customers. The main objective of supply chainmanagement is divided into two goals that constantly identify the needs as well as desire of customers and the factor that affect the needs, desires and preferences. In addition, flexible communication systems properly help with the information flow from one business to other. It help in developing systems and implementing request from customers where the company has the ability to produce, deal out and transfer products at the right place and right time to the clientele. To summarize each of the cases in detail, it is important to gather facts and data from reliable sources that are about Supply ChainManagement and how far it is linked with customer satisfaction (Yu et al., 2013). Research objectives and research questions The segment properly highlights about research questions and research objectives and points out how the research have been designed as well as whether it can match with the objectives in the most appropriate way (Xu Gursoy, 2015). The segment even discuss about the way on how the research objectives are used to link with the given research topic on Effect of Supply Chain Management on Customer Satisfaction. Research objectives To provide information as well as data about supply chain management and impact on improving sales and customer service To highlight the effect of supply chain management on customer satisfaction To improve sales management as well as customer service for achieving comprehensive development To improve the quality of their supply chain management for gaining preferences with customers after enhancing the value provided (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013) Research questions How far information can be gathered from supply chain management and the impact on improving sales and customer service? What is the effect of supply chain management on customer satisfaction? How to improve sales management and customer service for achieving comprehensive development? How to improve the quality of supply chain management for gaining preferences with customers after value enhancement? Who are the key supply chain members with whom to link the process? What level of incorporation and administration need to be applied for each of the process link? What process needs to be linked with each of the supply chain members? Literature review This segment explain about literature review after properly reading 5 research paper that links with the research topic on Effect of Supply Chain Management on Customer Satisfaction (Wu et al., 2015). The segment critically analyzes the literature individually where each of the new aspects has the potential to inform the reader some of the aspects that are not known before. The sources of data that are cited in the review of literature are peer-reviewed journal articles that are published after 2012 and are recent at the same time. The literature review had been properly evaluated and published by experts who deal or work practically in these areas that being more authentic information before the reader who is going to refer the study in the near future (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). As rightly put forward by Golicic Smith (2013), Supply Chain concept is a new concept that starts from 1980 and used by companies that operates in commercial sector and industrial activities. In addition, supply chain is a stage and very complex task due to its actual actuality. Furthermore, supply chain management seeks to improve control as well as competence especially in manufacturing and allocation as it shows strong relationship between suppliers and distributors (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). The mechanism used in this system will help in enhancing the level of competitiveness as well as achieving customer satisfaction at the same time. The Supply Chain Management system of any company is largely influences the customer satisfaction and that give rise to profitability of the business enterprise. Nowadays, the manufacturers understood that the Supply Chain Management can be easily leveraged in offering customer satisfaction and value after removing the barricades between suppliers and customers. In addition, the decision is taken by the management as it links with the Supply Chain Management as it is detrimental to the effectiveness as well as profitability of the entire chain. Good Supply Chain Management ads up to customer satisfaction as it deliver the products in fastest time as well as without errors and reduce the lead time to the orders (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Main business theories The present segment explains about theories used in Supply Chain Management with proper justification and pictorial representation of the frameworks. With the help of these theories, it is easy to gather facts about supply chain management framework and link with customer satisfaction aspects as far as possible (Bustinza, Parry Vendrell-Herrero, 2013). Christopher (2016) identifies three dimensions of involvement that affect outcomes in supplier relationships where the activities are carried out and can be tightly coordinated at the same time. Traditional Supply Chain Management applications in actual falls short as it help manufacturers for managing one of the critical elements by understanding the relationships with the suppliers. The above model explain supply chain management framework for improving the cooperation that are required in the partner selection (Dubey, Gunasekaran Ali, 2015). Interpretive structural modeling is one of the interactive learning processes into a comprehensive systematic model (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). Even the model highlights the structure of a complex issue or problem as it designs the pattern that implies graphics and words. Interpretive structural model methodology actually helps in imposing order as well as direction on the complexity of relationships among elements of a system. There are several steps that is included in interpretive structural modeling for identifying variables as it is relevant to significant problem or issue. It mainly establishes contextual relationship with the other variables. It is important to understand the fact that the structural model generates from the final reach ability matrix as it removes the transitivities (Rushton, Croucher Baker, 2014). Most of the companies have a tendency to maintain long-term relationships with the suppliers that is purely based upon precision and balance that follows the form of negotiation, partnership and cooperation (Alfalla-Luque, Marin-Garcia Medina-Lopez, 2015). On analysis, it is noted that with cooperation, it help companies to visit supplier factories and try out some of the innovative methods for bringing improvement in the procurement process and giving freedom to work upon the product at the same time. Negotiation, on the other hand is one of the essential stage or process used for selecting any of the supplier who will deal with negotiations and relies upon certain practices (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). These activities or practices further take into three other forms such as price based on market or price based on cost or competitive bidding. In case of partnership, it means proper convergence relationship between the company as well as supplier that include various trends and share common trust and success. Companies aim at maintaining long-term relationships to get the partnership as well as determining the extent of relationship with the suppliers in an effective way (Ahi Searcy, 2013). Research methodology Qualitative or quantitative The present segment explains about choice of type research that should be evaluated by the researcher at the time of conducting the research (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). It is for this reason both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods are explained in the study and provided with justification for the same as to which or both the methods should be used as it links with the research topic in the most appropriate way. In the next segment, research design is also mentioned that include descriptive, exploratory or causal research design as it need to be understood and decided by the researcher before planning for the given research study (Peng et al., 2016). Both qualitative and quantitative literature had been used by the researcher for this research study as it will help in providing more insights of information about the research topic on Supply Chain Management (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Qualitative research is used in the study as it helps in uncovering the trends in thoughts and opinions that is used for solving the problem or issue. The data collection methods mainly vary upon using unstructured as well as semi-structured techniques. Qualitative research takes into account non-numerical data (Monczka et al., 2015). On the other hand, quantitative research generates mainly numerical data or information as it is converted into numbers. From the information gathered, it is clear to understand that modern business are looking ways for generating customers as well as establishing a positive relationship. In addition, even the modern companies are looking at customers as a true partner as well as aims at working with them in order to develop positive long-term relationships. This relationship will help the company to achieve further competitive advantage as it cannot be imitated by any of the closest competitors. The companies even have to plan out a strategy where they can attract as well as retain existing customers and plan to acquire new customers as well. The main focus of these companies is to maintain close and long-term relationships with the customers as well as providing high class and deluxe products and services for satisfying needs of customers and desire to reach high level of satisfaction at the end. The business enterprise relies mainly upon formulating as well as building relationship with the customer s by using simple strategies and conducting market research where information can be gathered about needs and preferences of the customers (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). Therefore, in order to achieve competitive advantage, it is important or necessary for the business enterprise to plan out ways to add continuous value to its customers as well as creates needed behaviors for generating and delivering superior value to the customers in the most appropriate way. It is the process of supplying and selecting suppliers that shows interdependent relationships as it begins with identifying and describing the supplier needs of companies and also for determining the sources in an effective way (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Exploratory descriptive or causal It is important for the researcher to evaluate whether to use exploratory research or descriptive research or causal research design for this particular research study. Exploratory research design helps in providing better understanding of a situation and used for producing hypothesis. This means statement as it describes how two or more variables are related with each other (Jacobs, Yu Chavez, 2016). Exploratory research design emphasis mainly on gaining proper ideas as well as insights of information for present research study Descriptive research design is used for describing the characteristics of population or situation that is being studied. Descriptive research design emphasis upon determining the frequency where covariance takes place between two variables Causal research design properly used for testing the hypothesis for particular research study and emphasis upon determining the cause as well as effect relationships (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014) Evaluating the sampling design Probability or non-probability sampling Probability sampling is one of the sampling techniques where the subjects of population get an equal opportunity for getting selected as a representative sample. On the other hand, non-probability sampling is one of the sampling techniques where the individual will be selected as a sample (Heckmann, Comes Nickel, 2015). Probability sampling is also known as random sampling and non-probability sampling is also known non-random sampling. For probability sampling, hypothesis is tested and for non-probability sampling, hypothesis is generated at the same time. Method used for probability sampling is objective and for non-probability sampling is subjective by nature. The result from probability sampling is unbiased but biased in case of non-probability sampling (Zhu, Sarkis Lai, 2013). Combination of sampling methods For this particular research study, the researcher had conducted random sampling method for selecting population and analyzing in case of quantitative data. On the other hand, convenience sampling is used in case of qualitative data (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Sampling size For quantitative study, the researcher had distributed questionnaire on the target population by targeting the majority of companies that operates in China. The questionnaires were distributed to 56 professors and experts as it reflect assumptions and developed by researcher as well as serve the research in an accurate way. For qualitative study, the researcher had conducted interview with 4 managers who are working under manufacturing companies in China (Wisner, Tan Leong, 2014). Choice of research instruments used The research instruments used in the study is questionnaire, interview and secondary sources of data that should be reliable and valid at the same time. There are different choice of research that needs to be understood by the researcher that includes surveys, interviews, experiments and secondary data. For this particular study, researcher had selected interview and questionnaire research instrument for carrying out the research in the most appropriate way. References Ahi, P., Searcy, C. (2013). A comparative literature analysis of definitions for green and sustainable supply chain management.Journal of Cleaner Production,52, 329-341. Alfalla-Luque, R., Marin-Garcia, J. A., Medina-Lopez, C. (2015). 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